Elevator mechanism



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

" (No Model.)

U. WHITTIER. ELEVATOR MECHANISM.

Patented Feb. 11, 1890;

N PETERS, mmmhn n hu. Wahingion. n. a

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. v

0. WHITTIER. ELEVATOR MECHANISM.

No. 421,150. Patented Feb. 11, 1890 Jan/W67 m7! UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

CHARLES VVHITTIER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

ELEVATOR MECHANISM.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 421,150, datedFebruary 11, 1890.

Appliation filed August 9, 1889, Serial No. 320,222. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES WHITTIER, of Boston, county of Suffolk,State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in ElevatorMechanism, of which the following description, in connection with theaccompanying drawings, is a specification, like 1ettcrs on the drawingsrepresenting like parts.

This invention relates to hydraulic elevators, and has for its object toimprove the construction and operation of the same.

One feature of my present invention con sists in locating within thecylinder containing the piston for actuating the elevator-car astand-pipe performing the double office of an inlet and outlet pipe forthe water used to elevate the car, whereby the said pipe is removed fromdanger of being injured or deranged, and the objectionable noise causedby the water passing through the said pipe is substantially obviated,the said stand-pipe enabling the apparatus to be made more compact thanheretofore.

Another feature of my invention. consists in providing the cylinderreferred to with an independent base, to which may be detachably secureda valve-casing containing the 'valve for controlling the admission ofwater to the cylinder. The base referred to is preferably provided withsupports or legs, and the valve-casi11g is secured to the under side ofthe said base and is readily accessible for purpose of repairs orcleansing, the said legs or supports enabling the said base to be turnedin any direction and yet present an open space, for a purpose to bedescribed. The valve-casing. referred to is preferably made independentof the base, so that the said valve-casing may be turned into anydesired position before being permanently securedto the base to enablethe apparatus to be set up in irregular and limited spaces and at thesame time secure perfect alignment of the valve mechanism and thehoisting-ropes.

The particular features in which my invention consists will be pointedout in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1, in section and elevation, shows a sufficient portion of ahydraulic-elevator apparatus embodying my invention to enable it to beunderstood; and Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the base with thecylinder removed.

A represents a car of any usual or wellknown construction suspended inan elevatorwell or hoistway A by a cable or rope a, passed about the'sheave a, located at the top of the building, and about a similar sheavea mounted on a shaft a having bearings in uprights a secured to across-head a the opposite end of the rope being firmly secured, as at a,to a cross-bar a at the top of the building, the parts enumerated beingof any usual or well-known construction. The crosshead a is connected,as herein shown, by two piston-rods b I), passed through suitablestuffing boxosb in the head of the closed cylinder Z2 the said rodsbeing connected at their other end in any usual or well-known manner, asby nuts I), to the piston b provided on its lower side with a dependinglip on flange Z9 fitted watertight in the cylinderb. Tho piston lfabovethe lip Z2 as herein shown, is made of smaller diameter to leave anannular groove or space, in which is placed packing b normally keptcompressed by the follower-plate h, secured to the top of the saidpiston, as by bolts b The cylinder 17 rests upon and is supported by abase 0, provided with legs preferably four in number, only two of whichare shown in Fig. l, the said cylinder being bolted or otherwise securedto the said base.

The base a is provided, in accordance with my invention, with apreferably central opening or port 0 and with a second port 0 located atone side thereof. The base has secured to its under side by bolts, (notshown,) or in any other suitable manner, a valve-cas ing 0 herein shownas provided. with tubular sleeves 0 having openings 0 which communicatewith the ports of the valvecasing, the said sleeves forming acylindrical passage for the pistonvalves c c c 0 mounted on a singlevalve-stem 0 provided at one end, as herein shown, with teeth to form arack-bar 0 with which meshes a pinion 0 on a shaft 0 provided with apulley 0 with which is connected the usual shipper mechanism, hereinshown as a shipper-rope 0 by operating which the said valves maybe movedto admit and discharge water into and from the cylinder 6 as will bedescribed.

The valve-casing c is provided with a port (Z, constituting the waterinlet port, and with the port d, communicating with the central openinga in the base, and with a port 61 forming the discharge-port for thesaid casing, and with a port d which registers with the port a in thebase.

The base has secured to it a stand-pipe d of any desired form incross-section, communicating with the port or opening a in the base andextended up into the cylinder b so as to form a continuation of the-saidopening, the said stand-pipe being entirely concealed within thecylinder, and, as herein shown, extended into a recess on the under sideof the cylinder-head d. The stand-pipe 61 at or near its upper end, ispreferably provided with a series of ports or openings d through whichthe water from Within the pipe may pass into the cylinder Z2 above thepiston b, and vice versa. As shown in Fig. 1, the valves are on theircenters and the car A is held suspended in the hoistway. If now it isdesired to ascend, the shipper-rope will be operated in the directionindicated by arrow 18, so as to move the valve-stem 0 and the valvesattached thereto toward the left or in the direction indicated by arrow20, so that the valve 0 will uncover the port d and the valve 0 willopen the port (Z In this case the water will enter by the port d andflow through the port (1 stand-pipe C1 and passages d into the cylinder19 above the piston, thus forcing the latter toward the bottom of thecylinder and elevating the car.

The water in the cylinder 12 below the piston passes therefrom throughthe port 0 (Z and (1 preferably, to the discharge or w'aste-water tank.(Not shown.) Then the elevatorhas reached the extent of its upwardmovement, the shipper-rope is moved in the opposite direction to bringthe valves into their central position, if it is desired to stop theelevatorcar at its extreme upper position, and if it is desired todescend the said rope will be still further moved in the directionopposite to that indicated by arrow 18, so as to close the inlet-port dby the valve 0 and connect the port cl with the port 61 the exhaustportd being at such time closed. The piston b will now be moved upward bythe weight of the car as the latter descends, and the water contained inthe cylinder 1) above the said piston will pass through the opening (1into the stand-pipe d thence through the ports (1' d 0 into the cylinderbelow the piston, and when the valves are again moved to cause the carto ascend the water in the cylinder 11 below the piston will be forced,as described, through the ports 0 d and exhaust-port d The stand-pipe dbeing located within the cylinder b, is removed from danger ofderangement and damage, and the disagreeable noise occasioned by thewater passing through the said pipe is reduced to a minimum, for thereason that the cylinder, being full of water at all times, euvelopssaid pipe and prevents vibration of the same by the passage of the waterthrough it.

By making the base 0 independent of the cylinder and concentrictherewith the said base and the valve-casing attached thereto may beturned into any desired position to make the proper connections with theoperating parts-as, for instance, with the valveoperating mechanism, tosecure perfect alignment of the valve-operating mechanism andhoisting-ropes. This is especially advantageous where the space in whichthe mechanism is placed is limited in size and is irregular in outline,as by means of the movable base perfect alignment of the operating partsis secured and the hoisting-ropes may be brought into correct working oroperative position.

By making the piston movable on the stand-pipe within the cylinder Iobtain an effective apparatus of simple construction, and, the pistonbeing substantially light as compared with the cylinder, the friction isreduced to a minimum and a saving in power required is effected.

I claim- 1. In an elevator mechanism, the combination, with a closedcylinder and its piston 0peratively connected to the car, and avalvecasing provided with two ports communicating with the saidcylinder, of a pipe connected to one of said ports and extendedinto thecylinder through the piston, and having its opposite end communicatingwith the interior of the cylinder above the piston to form a liquidinlet and outlet for the cylinder at one side of its piston, and a valveto control said ports, substantially as described.

2. In an elevator mechanism, the combination, with'a vertical cylinderand its piston operatively connected to the car, of an independent baseconcentric with the cylinder, and a valve-casing secured to said basebelow said vertical cylinder, a valve in said casing, and mechanism tooperate said valve, substantially as described.

3. In an elevator mechanism, the combination, with a cylinder and itspiston operatively connected to the car, of a base provided withopenings 0 c communicating with the cylinder, and a pipe communicatingwith the opening a and extended within the cyl inder through the piston,substantially as described. v

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHARLES IVHITTIER.

WVitnesses:

J AS. H. CHURCHILL, EMMA J. BENNETT.

